A <i>TIE2</i> mutation causing arginine-to-tryptophan substitution at residue 849 (<i>TIE2-R849W</i>) is commonly identified in heredofamilial venous malformation.
A missense mutation resulting in an arginine-to-tryptophan substitution at position 849 in the kinase domain of the receptor tyrosine kinase TIE2 segregates with dominantly inherited VM in two unrelated families.
We have generated a mouse model that faithfully mirrors human VM through mosaic expression of Pik3ca(H1047R), a constitutively active mutant of the p110α isoform of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), in the embryonic mesoderm.