Multivariate analyses identified a significant association in serum calcium level (odds ratio [OR] = 0.932, P = 1.05 × 10(-3)), ARMS2 A69S (rs10490924) genotype (OR = 1.046, P < 0.001), Chlamydia pneumoniae IgG (OR = 1.020, P = 0.0440), and age (OR = 1.013, P < 0.001) for large drusen.
Factors associated with a 15-year incidence of medium drusen were assessed using discrete logistic regression models after adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, serum lipid levels, systemic and dietary factors, and CFH rs1061170 and ARMS2 rs10490924 polymorphisms.
Current smoking at baseline predicted higher reticular drusen incidence (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.0-4.5) after adjusting for age, sex, CFH-rs1061170 and ARMS2-rs10490924 polymorphisms.
The polymorphisms rs10664316 and rs1049331 were associated with a decreased risk of poor visual acuity during follow-up and at diagnosis; rs2672598 and rs2293870 were associated with a decreased risk of RPE hyperpigmentation; rs10664316 was associated with a decreased risk of RPE hyperpigmentation with large drusen in the study eye, but an increased risk of large drusen in the fellow eye; rs11200638 was associated with an increased risk of larger CNV; rs10490924 and rs11200638 were associated with younger age of diagnosis.