|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Gene and protein transfer experiments demonstrated that concurrent alterations of cyclin D1 and p16 levels cooperate to (de)regulate G1 control in diploid fibroblasts, and that both events influence growth of retinoblastoma (RB)-positive, but not RB-deficient cancer cells.
|
7585513 |
1995 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The growth suppressing activity of the retinoblastoma suspectibility gene product, pRb, is down regulated by cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4 and CDK6) whose kinase activity is negatively regulated by CDK inhibitors of the p16 family.
|
8570224 |
1996 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The inverse correlation of Rb and p16 defects in certain human tumors has led us to investigate the expression of p16 in human pituitary tumors as an indirect mechanism of Rb inactivation.
|
8653683 |
1996 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
In addition, the expression of RB and p16 protein was examined by Western blot analysis.
|
8674005 |
1996 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Previously, we reported that loss of p16 expression rather than loss of Rb occurs in most human pituitary adenomas.
|
9290697 |
1997 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Immortal HUCs and bladder cancer cell lines show either alteration of p16 or pRb, the product of the retinoblastoma (RB) TSG.
|
9436977 |
1998 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Paraffin sections of 9 reactive lymph nodes and 43 low-grade and 60 high-grade malignant lymphomas were reacted with antibodies against pRB and p16.
|
9620022 |
1998 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
These data suggest that p16 inactivation is selected as the most effective mechanism of blocking the cyclin D-Rb pathway during the evolution of an invasive cancer from precursor lesions.
|
10535995 |
1999 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The p16 gene expresses two alternative transcripts (p16alpha and p16beta) involved in tumor suppression via the retinoblastoma (Rb) or p53 pathways.
|
10498902 |
1999 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Our data indicate that in spite of low or absent p16 expression, genetic alterations of the p16 and Rb tumour suppressor genes are rare in endometrial carcinogenesis.
|
10071231 |
1999 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
In familial cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM), disruption of the retinoblastoma (pRB) pathway frequently occurs through inactivating mutations in the p16 (p16INK4A/CDKN2A/MTS1) gene or activating mutations in the G1-specific cyclin dependent kinase 4 gene (CDK4).
|
10732752 |
2000 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
We examined the expression levels of the p16, p15, p14, and retinoblastoma-susceptibility (RB) genes in primary prostate cancers and human prostate cancer cell lines, and correlated this with the DNA methylation levels of two loci in p16.
|
10797499 |
2000 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
At present, the most useful methods of risk assessment are those performed on the following genes: BRCA1 and BRCA2 especially for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, hMLH1 and hMSH2 for hereditary non polyposis colorectal cancer, APC for familial adenomatous polyposis, ret for medullary thyroid carcinoma, p53 for the Li-Fraumeni syndrome, p16 for melanoma and RB1 for retinoblastoma.
|
11205230 |
2001 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Strong immunoreactivity for p16 protein was observed in both nuclei and cytoplasm of the tumor cells in eight out of nine cases of eccrine porocarcinomas, while RB expression was negative in these cases.
|
12207741 |
2002 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The p16 protein transcriptionally inhibits expression of retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene pRB.
|
11792751 |
2002 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The p16 gene regulates cyclin D1-CDK4 activity and prevents retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene phosphorylation, thereby downregulating cellular proliferation.
|
12148857 |
2002 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
In the TBP-2-overexpressing cells, a G1 arrest was observed in association with an increase of p16 expression and reduction of retinoblastoma phosphorylation.
|
14983878 |
2004 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Although the underlying molecular-genetic pathways are not yet fully understood, the current results suggest functional reduction of the tumor suppressor genes Rb and p16 to be associated with progression of bladder cancer to a more malignant and aggressive behaviour.
|
15161057 |
2004 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Retinoblastoma (Rb) downregulation by HPV E7 results in p16 upregulation.
|
16401683 |
2006 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
VRK1 protein levels increase in response to E2F1 and are reduced by retinoblastoma and p16.
|
16547155 |
2006 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The second set of genetic alterations are etiological nonspecific, it includes recurrent gains and losses of chromosomes, alteration of TP53 gene, activation of WNT/beta-catenin pathway through CTNNB1/beta-catenin and AXIN (axis inhibition protein) mutations, inactivation of retinoblastoma and IGF2R (insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor) pathways through inactivation of RB1 (retinoblastoma 1), P16 and IGF2R.
|
16799619 |
2006 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
PosttranslationalModification
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Alterations of the retinoblastoma and p16 pathway correlate with promoter methylation in malignant fibrous histiocytomas.
|
17094467 |
2006 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
In addition, recent knock-out mouse studies implicated PPM1D in the regulation of p16 expression and the RB tumour suppressor pathway.
|
16254685 |
2006 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The inverse relationship between p16 and Rb was 62.5% (5/8).
|
17549378 |
2007 |
|
Retinoblastoma
|
0.100 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
At least 1 of these abnormalities was found in 86% of the cases and a positive correlation was noted between p16 and pRb (P = 0.009).
|
18484097 |
2008 |