COG AALL07P4 examined the asparaginase activity and plasma and CSF asparagine concentration of pegaspargase when given intravenously in the treatment of NCI high risk ALL.
To examine concentration of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of brain injury at ALL diagnosis and during cancer therapy and to evaluate associations with long-term neurocognitive and neuroimaging outcomes and relevant genetic polymorphisms.
Purpose To determine the prognostic significance of blasts, and of white and red blood cells, in CSF samples at diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), a uniform CSF and risk group classification schema was incorporated into Children's Oncology Group B-cell ALL (B-ALL) clinical trials.
Therefore, bone marrow samples from 100 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were cultured in the cytokines TNF-alpha, GM-CSF, c-kit ligand, and fetal liver tyrosine kinase 3 ligand, with or without IL-3 and -4 and after administration of HdI valproic acid (VAL), suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), isobutyramid, or trichostatin A.
We quantitatively assessed the expression of cytokine receptors (interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R), IL-3R, IL-4R, IL-5R, IL-6R, IL-7R, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor R (GM-CSFR), G-CSFR, c-fms, c-mpl, c-kit and FLT3) in cells from 211 adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) by flow cytometry and determined their prevalence and clinical significance.
Our data indicate that immunization with B7.1/GM-CSF-expressing cell vaccines generated by electroporation and application of double stem-loop immunomodulating oligonucleotide protected mice against a murine Ph(+) ALL challenge.
Receptor-binding for myeloid-associated GF was observed in the majority of precursor B-ALL (G-CSF = 100%, GM-CSF = 65%, IL-3 = 83%, SCF = 74%), but not in T-ALL.
These findings prompted us to establish five ALL cell lines of diverse phenotypes to examine the expression of GM-CSF and GM-CSF receptor genes in human leukemia, and to determine the role of GM-CSF in autocrine and paracrine growth control of ALL cells.