Mutations of EIF1AX, a component of the translational preinitiation complex, were markedly enriched in PDTCs and ATCs and had a striking pattern of co-occurrence with RAS mutations.
The EIF1AX gene is a novel cancer gene that has been reported in the tumorigenesis of papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular variant papillary thyroid carcinoma, and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.
TERT, AKT1, PIK3CA, and EIF1AX were frequently co-mutated with driver genes (BRAF<sup>V600E</sup> and RAS) in advanced DTCs as well as ATC, but tumor suppressors (e.g., TP53 and CDKN2A) were predominantly altered in ATC.