Consistent with the finding of cognitive impairment, aged WT mice exhibited white matter injury and hippocampal damage and an increase in the number of Iba1-positive cells and amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brain; these characteristics were not seen in TRPM2-KO mice.
Continuous ICV injection of 2 μg/day Pg-LPS increased ionized calcium binding adapter molecule-1 (Iba-1) and cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) positive cells in periventricular area of 5XFAD mice without enhancement of cognitive impairment, amyloid β protein deposition, expressions of phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).