Of note, the hub genes G protein subunit gamma 11 (GNG11), G protein subunit beta 4 (GNB4), Angiotensinogen (AGT), Phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 3 (PIK3R3) and C-C motif chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) are disease-specific and may be used as biomarkers for differentiating UC from CD.
The map of platelet activation, ligand-receptor interaction, calcium signaling pathway, and cAMP signaling pathway showed significant links with UC development, and the hub genes <i>CCR7</i>, <i>CXCL10</i>, <i>CXCL9</i>, <i>IDO1</i>, <i>MMP9</i>, and <i>VCAM1</i>, which are associated with immune dysregulation and tumorigenesis in biological function, were found by multiple powerful bioinformatics methods.