Aged septic patients biomarker trajectories suggestive of persistent immunosuppression (absolute lymphocyte count, soluble programed death ligand-1) and catabolism (Urine 3MH-Cr ratio, insulin growth factor, IGF1BP3, albumin) out to 28 days after sepsis.
In any case of suspected symptomatic consequences of circulating AB directed against brain antigens, leakiness of the BBB should be evaluated by CSF analysis (albumin quotient as proxy) and magnetic resonance imaging before considering immunosuppression.
Two mouse models of liver injury (bile duct ligation and carbon tetrachloride) also exhibited elevated PGE2, reduced circulating albumin concentrations and EP2-mediated immunosuppression.
In an effort to circumvent the immunosuppression and at the same time enhance this antifibrotic effect, we coupled MPA to the HSC-selective drug carrier mannose-6-phosphate modified human serum albumin and evaluated this conjugate for its specificity and antifibrotic activity.