Among NAFLD patients, the highest quartile of GDF15 levels was significantly associated with a risk of advanced fibrosis even after adjustment for age, gender, body mass index, smoking status, hypertension, diabetes, aspartate aminotransferase, platelet, albumin, insulin resistance and low skeletal muscle mass (odds ratio, 4.27; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-17.63), but not with NASH risk.
Renal Clearable New NIR Probe: Precise Quantification of Albumin in Biofluids and Fatty Liver Disease State Identification through Tissue Specific High Contrast Imaging in Vivo.
A longer exposure to insulin resistance may be required to cause the increase in urinary albumin excretion and to enable the detection of the effect of the accelerated atherogenic process most likely occurring in children with fatty liver disease.