Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) belongs to the transforming growth factor‑β (TGF‑β) superfamily, and has been reported to promote cancer cell proliferation and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT).
In the study of the mechanism of this effect, we found that BMP9 can increase the expression of lncRNA <i>UCA1</i> (<i>Urothelial cancer associated 1</i>) through phosphorylated AKT.
Esophageal GDF II in cancer patients was correlated with cancer differentiation: the higher the degree of differentiation, the higher the content of GDF11.
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 9 (BMP9) is critically involved in the processes of cancer cell differentiation, invasion and metastasis, representing a potential tool in order to impair the intrinsic GBM aggressiveness.