Tissue microarray analysis (361 patients) indicated cofilin-1 staining positively correlating with tumor grade and p23 staining with ER positive status; both therefore merit further investigation as potential biomarkers.
By CGH, gains of chromosomal areas 1q23 approximately q24 (three tumors), 7p21 approximately p22 (three tumors), 7q (four tumors), and 19p13 (three tumors), as well as loss of chromosomal segment 9p22 approximately p23 (three tumors), were the most frequently observed imbalances.
The gene LZTS1 has been mapped to the 8p22 through p23 region and identified as a potential tumor suppressor based on loss of heterozygosity studies using primary esophageal tumors.