GSTP1 promoter hypermethylation was found as the earliest and a long-lasting epigenetic marker in blood samples of PCa patients, which makes it suitable as a marker for treatment follow-up.
Genetic profiles collected from 873 men of African-descent (208 cases and 665 controls) were utilized to systematically evaluate the single and joint modifying effects of GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene deletions, GSTP1 105 Val and cigarette smoking on PCA risk.
The profile of GSTP1 gene methylation in the extracellular DNA of PCa patients differs from the profiles characteristic of healthy donors and patients with BPH.
Hypermethylation in serum DNA at GSTP1 and hypermethylation at any gene site distinguished between PCA and BPH patients in a highly specific (92%) but less sensitive (42-47%) manner.
We have recently learned that a new candidate early PCA precursor lesion, proliferative inflammatory atrophy (PIA), characterized by proliferating prostatic cells juxtaposed to inflammatory cells, contains epithelial cells that express high levels of GSTP1.
Human prostate cancer (PCA) cells characteristically contain hypermethylated CpG island sequences encompassing the transcriptional regulatory region of GSTP1, the gene encoding the pi-class glutathione S-transferase (GSTP1), and fail to express GSTP1 as a consequence of transcriptional "silencing."