In this review, we will be exploring the new insights in scientific research on the functioning of the NER pathway, the role of TFIIH as the central complex of NER, the pivotal helicase XPD as the lynchpin of NER and the effects of various single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of XPD on its functioning and their consequent role in colorectal carcinogenesis.
Apart from its role in basal transcription, TFIIH is intimately implicated in DNA repair and (probably) in cell cycle control (both of which are required to prevent carcinogenesis) as well as having possible roles in other processes.