Furthermore, ZFE effectively modulated the mRNA expression of redox-sensitive transcription factors, such as nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 and heme oxygenase-1, downregulated the expression of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and upregulated that of vascular endothelial growth factor A and interleukin-1β in AcOH-induced colitis in rats.
In this study, we found that increased expression of Mkp-1, Nrf2, and heme oxygenase 1 (Ho-1) was correlated in colonic tissues in patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, as well as wild-type mice with colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS).
Our data indicate that ESG, digested with α-amylase to RG, suppresses DSS- and TNBS-induced colitis by increasing the expression of HO-1 in the large intestine of mice.
PHB Tg/Nrf2(-/-) mice mimicked PHB Tg mice, with attenuated DSS- or TNBS-induced colitis and induction of colonic HO-1 and NQO-1 expression, despite deletion of Nrf2.
We also found that treatment with AcEGCG increased heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) expression via activation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK)1/2 signaling and acetylation of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), thereby abating DSS-induced colitis.