In addition, Th2-type cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-13, may be important in the development of skin lesions in fibrillar-type DH (especially in the infiltration of tissue by eosinophils), as in granular-type DH.
We also investigated the inhibitory capacity of WIKIM30 on the development of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis (AD), a Th2-dominant allergic disease in mice.Oral administration of <i>L. sakei</i> WIKIM30 significantly reduced AD-like skin lesions and serum immunoglobulin E and IL-4 levels while decreasing the number of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells and B cells and the levels of Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) in peripheral lymph nodes and enhancing Treg differentiation and IL-10 secretion in mesenteric lymph nodes.
IL-4 mRNA expression was identified in only two of the eight very mild lesions, one of the ten subacute lesions, and none of the ten lichenified lesions, whereas IL-13 mRNA expression was identified in 27 of the 28 skin lesions of atopic dermatitis.
Higher numbers of IL-13-mRNA-producing cells were observed in the dermal-cell infiltrates of chronic lichenified skin lesions of patients with atopic dermatitis (13.3 cells/mm2, range 0.6-42.4 cells/mm2) than in the tuberculin reactions (1.1 cells/mm2, range 0-3.8 cells/mm2) (P<0.01) despite the larger cell infiltrates in the tuberculin reactions.
We found expression of TGF-beta and IL-13 genes in most AP skin lesions; IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, IFN-tau, and IL-10 were detected in some of these specimens.