Collectively, these results provide unequivocal evidence to establish that SH2B1-IRS1-β-catenin axis is required for promoting EMT, and might prove to be a promising strategy for restraining tumor progression in LADC patients.
Understanding how the IRS proteins function in tumor progression is essential for future efforts aimed at developing approaches to target IRS-1 and IRS-2 in a diagnostic or therapeutic manner for the benefit of breast cancer patients.
The strong correlation of IGF-IR and IRS-1 down-regulation with tumor progression suggests the use of IGF-IR and IRS-1 as a novel set of marker proteins for tumor grading.