In this study, we aimed to assess the safety and preliminary antitumour activity of ramucirumab (an IgG1 VEGFR-2 antagonist) combined with pembrolizumab (an IgG4 PD-1 antagonist) in patients with previously treated advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma, non-small-cell lung cancer, or urothelial carcinoma.
We aimed to assess whether the addition of ramucirumab, a VEGFR-2 antagonist monoclonal antibody, to first-line chemotherapy improves outcomes in patients with metastatic gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.
CEUS with VEGFR2-targeted microbubbles allowed for monitoring regorafenib functional and molecular therapy effects on experimental colorectal adenocarcinomas with a significant decline of CEUS and DCE-MRI perfusion parameters as well as a significant reduction of specifically bound microbubbles under therapy, consistent with a reduced expression of VEGFR2.
For adenocarcinoma, VEGFR-2-906 C>T (C/T vs. CC: HR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.43-0.82; p=0.027) and VEGFR-2-271 G>A (G/A vs. G/G: HR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.07-0.86; p=0.027) predicted longer time to local recurrence and VEGFR-2-906 C>T was a predictor for better OS (T/T vs. C/C: HR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.09-0.84; p=0.024).
No KDR mutations were detected in exons 7, 11, and 21 by PCR-based sequencing; however, two variant single nucleotide polymorphism genotypes were associated with favorable overall survival in adenocarcinoma patients.