Certain miRNAs such as miR-146a or miR-155 play an important role in the regulation of post-transplant immunity in mice.While some miRNAs e.g. miR-423 or miR-155 are regulated in plasma or full blood during acute GvHD also in man, the relevance and expression profile of miRNAs in T-cells after allogeneic SCT is unknown. miR-625-3p has recently been described to be overexpressed in colorectal malignancies where it promotes migration, invasion and apoptosis resistance.
Systemic Treatment with a miR-146a Mimic Suppresses Endotoxin Sensitivity and Partially Protects Mice from the Progression of Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease.
In humans, the minor genotype of the single nucleotide polymorphism rs2910164 in HCT donors, which reduces expression of miR-146a, was associated with severe acute GVHD (grade III/IV).