Chronic stress promoted the growth of ovarian carcinoma via increasing serum levels of norepinephrine and interleukin-10 and altering nm23 and NDRG1 expression in tumor tissues in nude mice.
Our results indicate that the increase of nm23 reactivity is activated in the early stages of the disease and that the progression of ovarian carcinoma is accompanied by overexpression of nm23 protein.
These results suggest that expression of the nm23 genes, especially nm23-H1, is activated, accompanied by c-erbB-2 and c-erbB-3 overexpressions, in early stages of the carcinogenic process of ovarian carcinoma and reduction of nm23-H1 expression occurs in association with lymph nodal and/or distant metastasis.