Studies indicate that there is an increased serum concentration of amlodipine (a calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension and angina) in patients having mutant multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) gene.
We found that the VEGF rs2010963 CG + GG genotypes had a significantly increased risk of hand-foot syndrome, and the ABCB1rs1045642 CT + TT genotypes had an increased risk of high blood pressure.
Recent data indicate that enzymes and transporters involved in CNI pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, including CYP3A5, ABCB1, WNK4 and SPAK, are also associated with salt-sensitive hypertension.
In the CsA patient group (n = 30), age (p = 0.008), hypertension (p = 0.017), renal dysfunction (p < 0.001), ABCB1C1236T (p < 0.001), and G2677T/A (p = 0.014) were associated with neurotoxicities.