Plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) is a <u>ser</u>ine <u>p</u>rotease <u>in</u>hibitor (serpin) implicated in numerous pathological processes, including coronary heart disease, arterial and venous thrombosis, and chronic fibrotic diseases.
The metabolites and lipid molecules selected as serum markers for coronary atherosclerosis were lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) 22:4 and diacylglycerol 18:0-18:0 at 4 months old, LPC 20:4 (sn-2), ceramide d18:1-18:2, citric acid plus isocitric acid, and pyroglutamic acid at 8 months old, and phosphatidylethanolamine plasminogen 16:1p-22:2 at 16 months old.
The objective of our study is to evaluate the single locus and combined effects of three different genetic polymorphisms (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism, plasminogen activator inhibitor 4G/5G polymorphism, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase 3-27 base pairs repeat polymorphism) on the presence and extent of coronary artery disease in patients with early-onset coronary artery disease.
Levels of fibrinogen, factor VII (FVII), factor XIII (FXIII), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1, and tissue plasminogen activator have been associated with coronary artery disease as have genetic polymorphisms.
The 4G4G genotype of the plasminogen activator inhibitor 4G/5G gene polymorphism is associated with coronary atherosclerosis in patients at high risk for this disease.