Thus, in this retrospective study, we analyzed 526 patients with MM who underwent SCT for MM relapsing/progressing after the prior ASCT using the registry data of the Japan Society for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (2001-2015) and compared overall survival (OS) between allo-SCT (n = 192) and autologous stem cell retransplantation groups (ReASCT; n = 334) based on risk factor points.
Our data indicate that thalidomide-based treatment could be a treatment option for patients with multiple myeloma who are eligible for auto-SCT who live in countries without access to proteasome inhibitors or lenalidomide.
Currently, allo-SCT is primarily performed in high-risk MM patients, most often in the setting of early relapse after first-line therapy with autologous SCT.