Western blot, RT-PCR, luciferase assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) were used to detect the regulation of transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (<i>TAK1</i>) and NF-κB signaling by <i>SAFB</i> The role of SAFB in invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis was investigated using <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> assays.
Our previous study demonstrated that activation of TAK1 increases the expression of chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 7 (CCR7) and promotes lymphatic invasion ability of breast cancer cells.
We found that suppression of TAK1 signaling by dominant-negative (dn) TAK1 or RNA interference (siRNA) reduces expression of MMP-9 and tumor cell invasion, without growth inhibition in cell culture.