Our results suggest that TFF3 plays a vital role in the viability and oncogenesis of TPC-1 cells and may be a potential target for effective treatment of thyroid papillary carcinoma.
The results indicate that TFF3 point mutations seem to be a rare event in colorectal carcinogenesis; TFF3 expression may play a role in promoting lymph node metastases of CRCs and serum TFF3 may be a potential useful marker for patients with CRCs and their metastases.
Further, tumorigenesis in Dcn(-/-) mice was associated with disruption of intestinal maturation, including decreased cell differentiation and increased proliferation, which were linked to the downregulation of p21(WAF1/cip1), p27(kip1), intestinal trefoil factor and E-cadherin and to the upregulation of beta-catenin signaling.
These results indicate that TFF3 overexpression may be a critical process in mouse and human hepatocellular carcinogenesis, and the specific promoter CpG hypomethylation may be one of the regulation mechanisms of TFF3 overexpression in HCCs.
Progressive loss of TFF1 and TFF2, together with the induction of TFF3, is likely to be involved in the early stage of the multi-step gastric carcinogenesis pathway.