However, most advanced prostate tumors have no mutations or amplifications of the AR, suggesting a potential role of non-androgenic growth factors, including epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor alpha, insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) and fibroblast growth factor.
In previous studies we demonstrated that antisense oligonucleotides (oligos) against transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha [MR1]), its binding site the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR [MR2]), and the anti-apoptosis protein bcl-2 (MR4) are efficacious against prostate tumors.
Antisense oligonucleotides (oligos) against transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha; MR(1)) and its binding site, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; MR(2)), have proven efficacious against PC-3 and LNCaP prostate tumors when evaluated in both in vitro and in vivo models.