α<sub>4</sub>β<sub>7</sub><sup>+</sup> CD4<sup>+</sup> Effector/Effector Memory T Cells Differentiate into Productively and Latently Infected Central Memory T Cells by Transforming Growth Factor β1 during HIV-1 Infection.
In a cross-sectional study of 61 HIV-1 infected individuals categorized according to disease progression as having non-progressive HIV-1 infection (n=14) and progressive infection (n=47), plasma levels of active TGF β 1, INF-γ, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-1β, IL-12p70 and IL-13 were compared with HIV uninfected healthy controls (n=12).
Additional typing for IL1A, IL1B, IL1R1, IL1RN, and TGFB1 SNPs also failed to demonstrate any influence on HIV-1 infection or virologic/immunologic control in more selected patient groups.