MM.1R and MM.1S cell lines were treated with 15d-PGJ<sub>2</sub> at 1-10μM and evaluated with regard to proliferation, mRNA expression of PRDX1, PRDX4, GRP78, GRP94, CHOP, BCL-2 and BAX.
Recent preclinical studies have also revealed that GRP94 expression is closely linked to cancer growth and metastasis in melanoma, ovarian cancer, multiple myeloma, lung cancer, and inflammation-associated colon cancer.
Recent preclinical studies have also uncovered that gp96 expression is closely linked to cancer progression in multiple myeloma, hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer and inflammation-associated colon cancer.
To improve the applicability of heat shock protein-based immunotherapy in cancers and to enhance clinical efficacy, we explored combinational treatments in a myeloma setting using pooled heterogeneous or allogeneic myeloma cell line-derived glycoprotein 96 (gp96) as universal vaccines, and clearly demonstrated that pooled but not single gp96 from heterogeneous or allogeneic myeloma cell lines was as effective as autologous gp96 in protecting mice from tumor challenge and rechallenge and in treating established myeloma.
Several of the most highly expressed genes identified by sequencing, such as a novel putative disulfide isomerase (MGC3178), tumor rejection antigen TRA1, heat shock 70-kDa protein 5, and annexin A2, were also differentially expressed between myeloma and B lymphoma cell lines using this myeloma-enriched microarray.