In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that Trx may be implicated in the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of GSPE against hyperglycemia‑induced cell degeneration and apoptosis.
Thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP), an inhibitor of antioxidant thioredoxin (Trx), is upregulated by hyperglycemia and implicated in pathogenesis of diabetes complications.
The progression of hyperglycemia and the reduction of body weight gain and insulin content of the db/db mouse were significantly suppressed by the TRX expression.
Hyperglycemia regulates thioredoxin-ROS activity through induction of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) in metastatic breast cancer-derived cells MDA-MB-231.