Overexpression of GRB2 (A549<sup>GRB2</sup>) enhanced cell invasion while knocking down GRB2 (A549<sup>GRB2KD</sup>) reduced cell migration and invasion, probably due to increased vinculin and reduced Paxillin patches in A549<sup>GRB2KD</sup> cell.
In biological function analyses, vinculin overexpression abrogated Linc01060-mediated repression of pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and invasion, whereas vinculin counteracted the Linc01060-mediated repression of PC cell proliferation and invasion.
Here we show that in human invasive carcinomas and distant metastases, cytoplasmic EZH2 phosphorylated at T367 is significantly associated with ER- disease and low H3K27me3 levels. p38-mediated EZH2 phosphorylation at T367 promotes EZH2 cytoplasmic localization and potentiates EZH2 binding to vinculin and other cytoskeletal regulators of cell migration and invasion.
Together, these results revealed that CD147 is involved in vinculin-mediated focal adhesion formation, which subsequently promotes cytoskeleton reorganization to facilitate invasion and migration of human HCC cells.
The first step of invasion and metastasis is the detachment of cancer cells in the primary tumor, which is mainly controlled by the function in the adherens junction, consisting of E-cadherin associated proteins (E-cadherin, alpha- and beta-catenins, vinculin, alpha-actinin, and actin).