We further identified that the 49-kDa mitochondrial complex I subunit NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 2 (NDUFS2) is regulated in an S100A4-dependent manner and that S100A4 and NDUFS2 exhibit co-occurrence at significant levels in various cancer types as determined by database-driven analysis of genomes in clinical samples using cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics.
In addition to its interaction with uPA, uPAR also interacts with vitronectin and this interaction promotes cancer metastasis by activating Rac and stimulating cell migration.
We previously demonstrated that domain 5 (D5(H)), a functional domain of HK, and its derived peptides played an important role in the vitronectin-mediated suppression of cancer cell adhesion and invasion.
Immunohistochemical analysis of carcinomas revealed a strong vitronectin accumulation in extracellular matrix (ECM) around some cancer cell clusters and in the subendothelial area of some blood vessels.
The finding that vitronectin can be synthesized and secreted by tumor-derived fibroblast-like cells in culture indicates that vitronectin expression can be promoted by as yet unknown signals provided in disease states, such as cancer.