TWEAK and APRIL serum concentrations are regulated differently in patients with pancreatic cancer, highlighting diverse roles of variant TNF ligands in this type of cancer.
Tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 13 is a novel biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis and promotes cancer cell proliferation in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
APRIL was observed near Ki67(+) nuclei and was distributed heterogeneously in the cancer cells, in the leukocyte infiltrate, and in the myoepithelial layer adjacent to the tumor area; these results imply that APRIL provides proliferation signals to tumor cells through paracrine and autocrine signaling.
In contrast to the healthy controls, TLR4 expression and the ERK1/2 signaling pathway appear to play only minor roles in APRIL induction in the cells of patients with cancer.
Furthermore, our findings indicate that silencing APRIL expression in SW480 cells decreased their malignancy by reducing proliferation, invasion and adhesion, as well as inducing apoptosis.