Multivariate analysis indicated that IL-32 could be an independent prognostic factor in patients with colon cancer; therefore, IL-32 may be a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for colon cancer.
For example, IL-32γ and IL-32β expression is associated with increased cancer cell death in colon cancer and melanoma, whereas expression of these isoforms is associated with increased invasion and migration in breast cancer cells.
Hence, it can be concluded that IL-32θ is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that can act as a tumor suppressor and can play vital role in colon cancer therapies.
These findings provide evidence of the potential involvement of IL-32 in the development of obesity-associated CC as a pro-inflammatory and ECM remodeling cytokine.
Inhibition of the HGF-Met receptor pathway and tumor angiogenesis by NK4 gene expression has potential therapeutic value toward inhibition of invasion, growth, and metastasis of colon cancer.