The enhancer rs12364283</span> occurs more frequently in heroin-dependent cases than controls (MAF 13% vs. 7%, respectively), revealing significant association with heroin addiction (p = 3.0E-06, OR 2.1).
We found a functional DRD2 promoter polymorphism (rs12364283) to be most highly associated with PTSD liability [odds ratio (OR) 1.65 (1.27-2.15); P = 1.58 × 10(-4) ]; however, this association was not significant, with a stringent Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons.
Of the SNPs we evaluated, rs12364283</span>, which has been associated with DRD2 expression, was the most significantly associated with inhibition and impulsivity.