Astaxanthin modulates osteopontin and transforming growth factor β1 expression levels in a rat model of nephrolithiasis: a comparison with citrate administration.
At similar levels of systemic hypertension, Dahl salt-sensitive but not spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) develop glomerular hypertension, which is accompanied by upregulation of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1), mesangial matrix expansion, and sclerosis.
Downregulation of transforming growth factor-beta2 facilitates inflammation in the central nervous system by reciprocal astrocyte/microglia interactions.
Effect of prenatal tetrandrine administration on transforming growth factor-beta1 level in the lung of nitrofen-induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia rat model.
Flexibilide obtained from cultured soft coral has anti-neuroinflammatory and analgesic effects through the upregulation of spinal transforming growth factor-β1 in neuropathic rats.
Lesion-associated expression of transforming growth factor-beta-2 in the rat nervous system: evidence for down-regulating the phagocytic activity of microglia and macrophages.
Lesion-associated expression of transforming growth factor-beta-2 in the rat nervous system: evidence for down-regulating the phagocytic activity of microglia and macrophages.
Linear correlation analysis showed that HIF-1alpha mRNA, TGF-beta1 mRNA, TGF-beta1 protein were positively correlated with mPAP, vessel morphometry and right ventricular hypertrophy index.
Messenger RNA levels of IL-6, ICAM-1, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1, NF-kappaB in left ventricular tissues were lower than in the MS group, and volume of mitochondria and the phenotype of cardiac muscle cells in TEM were close to normal.
Only animals from the 1WIK group developed severe chronic renal failure, glomerulosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, and upregulation of transforming growth factor-beta(1) (TGF-beta(1)) gene, which was associated with increased TGF-beta(1) protein expression in tubular epithelial cells, arterioles, and in areas of mononuclear interstitial cell infiltrate.