Due to her tumor being estrogen receptor (ER) positive and progesterone receptor (PR) positive, she was empirically treated with anastrozole with sustained clinical benefit.
According to tumor characteristics, the Lys/Lys genotype was associated with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive BC (OR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.05-1.36, p = 0.008), progesterone receptor (PR)-positive BC (OR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.03-1.36, p = 0.015), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative BC (OR = 1.25, 95% CI 1.05-1.48, p = 0.012).
microRNA-21 was up-regulated in HER2 positive and Basal-like breast cancer types, while microRNA-206 was up-regulated in Luminal A and B types of breast cancer. microRNA-21 expression negatively correlated with the level of ER and PR but positively correlated with HER2 expression and tumor malignancy, while microRNA-206 showed the opposite trend.
Patients with ER-positive, progesterone receptor (PR)-positive, and HER2-negative tumors expressed a higher rate of Ki-67 (>10%) than patients with ER-negative, PR-negative, and HER2-positive tumors, respectively.
Additionally, surgical resection of the tumor and nodule was performed for histological analysis and immunohistochemical assays for estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR).
The aim of the present study is to assess whether WHO grade, proliferation index, progesterone receptor (PR) expression, histological subtype, neuroradiological features, and the recurrence rate differ depending on the tumor location.
Patients with somatic co-mutation were more likely to have high-grade tumors (35.3% vs. 10.6%, P = 0.010), estrogen receptor-negative tumors (55.6% vs. 26.7%, P = 0.009), progesterone receptor-negative tumors (61.1% vs. 30.5%, P = 0.008) and triple-negative tumors (35.3% vs. 13.3%, P = 0.025) compared with non-carriers.
In human breast cancer samples, PR-positive tumors exhibited lower levels of phospho-STAT1 as compared with their PR-negative counterparts, indicating that this phenotype translates to human tumors.
The pooled odds ratios (ORs) indicated that cyclin D1 amplification was significantly associated with estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), histological grade and lymph node status, but not associated with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) and tumor size.
Different prognostic stages are assigned to tumors with the same anatomic stages according to the tumor grade, hormone receptor (estrogen receptor; progesterone receptor) status, and <i>HER2</i> status.
The TIL distributions were significantly associated with nodal metastasis (P=0.004), ER status (P=0.045), progesterone receptor (PgR) status (P=0.002), tumor grade (P=0.021), and the Ki67 labeling index (LI) (P=0.002) in the no recurrence group and with the Ki67 LI in the recurrence groups (P=0.002 in early recurrence group, P=0.023 in late recurrence group).
Progesterone receptor (PR) expression is found to be consistent with ER expression and mutations in the <i>BRCA1</i> gene, a tumor-suppressor gene, are known to be responsible for about 40%-45% of hereditary breast cancers.
Adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) significantly reduces risk of breast cancer recurrence in those patients whose tumor tests hormone (estrogen and/or progesterone) receptor positive.
Patients carrying the WISP1 rs2929973 GG + TT variant were almost twice as likely as those carrying the GT genotype to have estrogen receptor (ER)- and progesterone receptor (PR)-positive tumors, while those with the WISP1 rs62514004 AG + GG genetic variants were around twice as likely as those with the AA genotype to have HER2-positive tumors.
Within each tumor subtype as determined by PR and grade statuses, the RSs in the younger versus older age group were compared using Student's t-test and the differences in the 95% confidence interval limits in RS means calculated.
However, the results revealed that plasma mammaglobin A was not significantly associated with tumor size (OR=1.29; 95% CI=0.46-3.66; <i>P</i>=0.63), tumor differentiation (OR=0.99; 95% CI=0.63-1.57; <i>P</i>=0.97), menopausal status (OR=0.75; 95% CI=0.48-1.18; <i>P</i>=0.22), estrogen receptor status (OR=0.78; 95% CI=0.44-1.36; <i>P</i>=0.38), progesterone receptor status (OR=0.76; 95% CI=0.57-1.02; <i>P</i>=0.07), or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status (OR=1.12; 95% CI=0.78-1.59; <i>P</i>=0.54).
Associations were identified between the expression of PMCA2 splice isoforms and the following clinical variables: Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status, tumor size, staging and histological classification, and lymph node status.
Additional analysis of TILs indicated that they were significantly associated with tumor grade (P=0.023), central necrosis (P<0.001), ER (P=0.003) and PR (P=0.029).
Cohort entry time delay exhibited strong independent prognostic value while accounting for multiple prognostic factors including: tumour size (HR = 1.62, 95 %CI 1.37-1.91); rapid tumour growth (HR = 1.59, 95%CI 1.17-2.16); lymph node ratio (HR = 2.29, 95%CI 1.97-2.66); histological grade (grade 2 was significant only during the first 10 years after diagnosis, grade 3 and progesterone receptor status only during the first 5 years after diagnosis); and oestrogen receptor status (significant only during the first 8 years (HR = 0.75, 95%CI 0.58-0.96)).
The AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, which includes traditional anatomic factors, now includes additional tumor characteristics: tumor grade, estrogen receptor status, progesterone receptor status, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status, and (when available) multigene panel testing from the primary tumor.
These data suggest that mRNA expression for ERBB2, ESR, and PGR is sufficiently low in surrounding tissue cells such that macrodissection is not required for assessment of key breast cancer mRNA markers and is independent of the amount of input tumor.