Increased matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expression is associated with advanced stages of breast cancer and may be a predictive marker for the development of invasive disease.
We utilised the unique in situ-reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (IS-RT-PCR) methodology to localise the in vitro and in vivo gene expression of MT1-MMP, MMP-1 and MMP-3 in human breast cancer.
We further examined PTK7 expression in BC and LN tissue of 128 BC patients by RT-PCR and its correlation with BC related genes like HER2, HER3, PAI1, MMP1, K19, and CD44.
Compounds <b>2</b> and <b>4</b> showed potent inhibitory effects on the expression of MMP1 and MMP2 (matrix metalloproteinases family) in human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells.
Therefore, we examined MMP(-1,-2,-3,-8,-9,-10,-11 and -13) and TIMP-1/-2 expression of well-defined cell densities in breast carcinoma cell lines with differing in vivo tumorigenicity/invasiveness (MCF-7 < MDA-MB-468 < MDA-MB-231 < MDA-MB-435).
Tyrosyl phosphorylated PAK1 also stimulates invasion of breast cancer cells in response to PRL and three-dimensional (3D) collagen IV via transcription and secretion of MMP-1 and MMP-3 in a MAPK-dependent manner.
Cyr61-dependent loss of migration was complemented by exogenous MMP-1 and required the presence of the functional PAR1 receptor on the breast cancer cells.
We examined MT1-MMP (MMP-14, membrane type-1-MMP), MMP-1 (interstitial collagenase) and MMP-3 (stromelysin-1) for their localisation profile in progressive breast cancer biopsy material (poorly differentiated invasive breast carcinoma (PDIBC), invasive breast carcinomas (IBC) and lymph node metastases (LNM)).
Therefore, the search for the common polymorphic variants of MMPs, new genetic markers as prognostic factors in breast cancer progress seems to be understandable.The minireview presents the results of 19 case-control or prospective studies concerning the association of SNPs of genes encoding nine MMPs: MMP-1, -2, -3, -7, -8, -9, -12, -13, -21 with the breast cancer risk, progression and survival.
The results indicate that mRNA expressions of MMP-1, -9,-11,-15,-24 and -25 were upregulated in breast cancer tissues when compared to normal breast tissues.
Degradation of stromal collagens in the extracellular matrix is mediated largely by matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1; collagenase-1), and high constitutive levels of MMP-1 in breast cancer correlate with a poor prognosis and invasive disease.
We conclude that breast cancer-derived MMP-1 mediates invasion through soft tissues and bone via mechanisms involving matrix degradation, angiogenesis, and osteoclast activation.