Furthermore, after restricting our analysis to Asian populations, the contrasts between the risk of hypertension among individuals possessing ApoE epsilon4 vs. epsilon3 and ApoE4/4 vs. ApoE3/3 were positively reinforced, with ORs of 1.97 (95% CI, 0.93 to 4.15; P=0.08) and 2.27 (95% CI, 1.03 to 4.98; P=0.04), respectively.
An overall comparison of the ApoE gene alleles ɛ4 with ɛ3 yielded a significant 81% increased risk for hypertension (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.41-2.32; P<0.0005).
For ApoE genotypes, compared with ε3/ε3 genotype, genotypes (ε2/ε2 and ε2/ε3) showed a possible association with hypertension (OR = 0.88; 95% CI: 0.79-0.99; P = 0.033), and genotypes (ε3/ε4 and ε4/ε4) had a 2.08-fold risk of developing hypertension (OR = 2.08; 95% CI: 1.58-2.74; P < 0.001).
Our data show an association between apolipoprotein E genotype and hypertension and support the hypothesis that the apolipoprotein set membership, vertical bar on horizontal stroke 4 allele is a susceptibility locus for systolic hypertension and carotid artery atherosclerosis.
We further assessed the possibility that either of these genes may interact with the apolipoprotein E gene, a known risk factor for hypertension and AD, on predicting AD.
Multiple logistic regression analysis created a model of significant MARCD predictors, including age (odds ratio [OR], 1.1 per year), hypertension (OR, 3.4), and the apoE epsilon 2/epsilon 3 genotype (OR, 3.0).
Analyses included APOE genotype, gender, ethnicity, body mass index, and other potential confounders such as a history of hypertension, smoking, aspirin use, previous stroke, or ischemic heart disease.
The apolipoprotein E alleles were not associated with hypertension, obesity, smoking, or diabetes, but the epsilon 4 allele frequency was reduced in women after 60 years of age.
In exploratory analyses, significant deleterious effects were found for CIG (p=0.001), DM (p=0.03), and HTN (p=0.05) in APOE ε4 carriers only that remained significant only for CIG after correction for multiple comparisons.
In multivariate, random-effects linear models adjusted for age, education, gender, and race, the risk factors diabetes and APOE epsilon4 genotype were independently associated with a decline in performance on the DSS test (both P < .005), whereas hypertension and stroke were not.
We examined contribution of three polymorphisms frequently associated with individual differences in cognition (Catechol-O-Methyl-Transferase Val158Met, Brain-Derived-Neurotrophic-Factor Val66Met, and Apolipoprotein E epsilon4) and a vascular risk factor (hypertension) in a sample of 189 volunteers (age 18-82).
Consecutive outpatients with late-onset AD were assessed for APOE haplotypes and the following potential baseline predictors: gender, schooling, age at dementia onset, lifetime urban living and sanitary conditions, occupational complexity, cognitive and physical activities, cerebrovascular risk factors (obesity, lifetime alcohol use and smoking, length of arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and a dyslipidemic profile), use of a pacemaker, creatinine clearance, body mass index, waist circumference, head traumas with unconsciousness, treated systemic bacterial infections, amount of surgical procedures under general anesthesia, and family history of AD.
Black race (hazard ratio [HR], 1.36; 95% CI, 1.21-1.54), older age (HR, 8.06; 95% CI, 6.69-9.72 for participants aged 60-66 years), lower educational attainment (HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.28-2.03 for less than a high school education), and APOE ε4 genotype (HR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.78-2.21) were associated with increased risk of dementia, as were midlife smoking (HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.23-1.61), diabetes (HR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.53-2.04), prehypertension (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.14-1.51), and hypertension (HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.22-1.59).
The objective of this study was to examine the association between ApoE polymorphism and prevalent hypertension in a large unselected population of older adults.
Hypertension moderated the effects of APOE ε4 on the rate of change for cognitive flexibility, such that the presence of the APOE ε4 allele and hypertension was associated with steeper cognitive decline over a 21-year period.
We examined whether nondemented stroke patients with (1) a prestroke history of hypertension and (2) APOE4 were more cognitively impaired at 3 months after stroke.
Further, that APOE4 predisposes the CV to damage by, and exacerbates the effects of, additional risk factors (such as sex, hypertension, and diabetes).