The isolated compound HEG can impart momentous chemo-protection against experimental RCC by suppressing the cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE<sub>2</sub>) expression via nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway.
RCC tissue chips were subjected to IHC staining, which showed COX-2 expression in RCC tissues to be a significantly closely correlated with NOV expression, with significance determined using Pearson correlation testing (P < 0.05).
COX-2 overexpression within these intracellular organelles in RCC may be associated with renal cell carcinogenesis and COX-2 may be a useful biomarker in RCC.
These results demonstrate that the generated COX-2 in human renal cell carcinoma plays an important role in the proliferation of malignant renal cells.