The specific aim of this study was to explore the relationships between biomarkers of neural health: nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), immune health: interleukin 6 (IL-6), c-reactive protein (CRP), and cortisol, as well as the presence of depression, in physically active cannabis users (CU) and non-users (NU).
However, little is known about the relationship between memory performance and depression severity, about the course of memory performance during antidepressant treatment as well as about the relationship between memory performance and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with stress-induced immune dysregulation and reduced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in sensitive brain regions associated with depression.
Importantly, early life stressors that affect BDNF production are known to predispose individuals towards the later development of depression or anxiety disorders.
Clinical and preclinical studies have demonstrated that depression, one of the most common psychiatric illnesses, is associated with reduced levels of neurotrophic factors, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), contributing to neuronal atrophy in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus, and reduced hippocampal adult neurogenesis.
Reduced levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), through its role in neurogenesis and neuroplasticity, may be involved in the evolution and maintenance of depression.
The proposed model is testable and implies that low levels and low variability in serum BDNF are associated with poor response to anti-depressive medications, electroconvulsive therapy, and REM sleep deprivation, in patients with depression.
Additionally, elevated miR-133b and inhibited CTGF could restrain apoptosis of hippocampal neurons, repress inflammatory reaction, and increase the expression of GFAP, BDNF and neurotransmitters in hippocampal tissues of depression rats, resulting in a protective impact on neural injury in depression rats.
The association between BDNFVal66Met and SI was modeled using logistic regression adjusted for age and sex, and in secondary analyses also for depression.
Here, we review some of the preclinical and clinical studies aimed at disclosing the role of BDNF and NGF mediated pathophysiological mechanisms of depression and the new therapeutic approaches targeting those key molecules.
The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary cortisol and plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in people with PD, to compare them with healthy controls and to associate them with levels of anxiety and depression.
Efficacy of electroacupuncture combined with probiotics for depression and chronic diarrhea in patients and effect on serum inflammatory cytokines, NE and BDNF.
Medial Forebrain Bundle Deep Brain Stimulation Reverses Anhedonic-Like Behavior in a Chronic Model of Depression: Importance of BDNF and Inflammatory Cytokines.
Dendritic spine remodeling and induction of activity-induced BDNF in the cortex represent important cellular and molecular plasticity mechanisms underlying the efficacy of ECS for treatment of chronic stress-induced depression.
CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, T. officinale exerts significant antidepressant effects in a mouse model of depression by inhibition of corticosterone levels and modulation of Mkp-1 and Bdnf expression.
Sex-stratified linear regression models adjusted for age, height, smoking, body fat, lean mass, physical activity, and depression analyzed the association between BDNF and maximal oxygen consumption (VO<sub>2</sub>peak), maximal oxygen consumption normalized for body weight (VO<sub>2</sub>peak/kg), and oxygen consumption at the anaerobic threshold (VO<sub>2</sub>@AT).
While brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been shown to predict response to pharmacotherapy in depression, studies in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) are small and report conflicting results.
Moreover, CBD induces cellular and molecular changes in brain regions related to depression neurobiology, such as increased Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) levels and synaptogenesis in the medial prefrontal cortex, as well as it increases neurogenesis in the hippocampus.