ECOG (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) performance scores, CEA levels, CA19-9 levels, hemoglobin levels, lactate dehydrogenase levels, and liver metastasis ratios varied significantly between the low and high AGR groups (p < .05).
Patients with following indicators 1 month postoperatively were prone to liver metastasis after radical gastrectomy (median, 6.9-12.03 months; P = 0.007-0.042): Venous/lymphatic invasion, pathological Stage IV (especially combined with T4 stage), intestinal Lauren type, and combined elevation of CEA and CA 19-9 levels.
Individuals with lung metastasis and mutant KRAS had better prognosis compared with those with liver metastasis (HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.54-0.88), regardless of primary tumor location or CEA levels.
High platelet count (H-PC) was found in 32%, and it was associated with a higher rate of palliative surgery (p < 0.001), extra-hepatic metastases (p < 0.001), bilobar liver disease (p = 0.007), presence of more than three metastases (p = 0.005), biggest metastasis larger than 5 cm (p < 0.001), and CEA level higher than 200 ng/mL (p = 0.035).
Male gender, higher N stage, rectal site, elevated carcinoembryonic antigen, and lung and liver metastases were positively associated with BM occurrence.
A decreased overall survival was significantly associated with peritoneal involvement (HR 1.944; p = 0.003), ascites (HR 2.055; p = 0.034), synchronous presentation (HR 1.679; p = 0.034) and increased serum CEA levels (HR 1.380; p = 0.010), but not with age > 50 (HR 0.946; p = 0.743), menopausal status (HR 1.565; p = 0.204), gastric origin (HR 1.600; p = 0.201), size > 5 cm (HR 1.292; p = 0.119), size > 10 cm (HR 0.925; p = 0.714), bilateral ovarian involvement (HR 1.113; p = 0.347), non-peritoneal extaovarian metastases (HR 1.648; p = 0.237), liver metastases (HR 1.118, p = 0.555), predominant signet ring cell morphology (HR 1.322; p = 0.208) and levels of CA125 (HR 0.933; p = 0.828) and CA19.9 (HR 0.996; p = 0.992).
Additionally, HSP60 and IGFBP-2 levels also strongly correlated with extension of liver metastases and exhibited a prognostic value that contrasted that of CEA.
The result showed that the high expression of TLR9 was correlated with tumor poorly differentiation, invasion and liver metastasis, the abnomal increasing levels of CEA in blood.
Immunohistochemical analyses of liver tissues derived from CRC patients with elevated levels of sCEA reveal that the expression of cellular Fn-EDA co-registers with CEA-expressing liver metastases.
Patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases with known KRAS status, and with baseline CEA and LDH levels who were treated with hepatic arterial infusion and systemic chemotherapy were identified.
The sensitivity and specificity of the CA15-3 and TPS combination in the diagnosis of liver metastases were 92.3% and 45.6%, respectively, and the positive rate of CEA in triple-negative metastatic breast cancer is lower than in other subtypes (χ<sup>2</sup>=4.80, P=0.028).
We conclude that MIC-1 can act as a candidate complementary biomarker for screening early-stage CRC by combination with CEA, and furthermore, for the first time, identify a promising prognostic indicator for monitoring recurrence with liver metastasis, to support strategies towards personalized therapy.
All information was carefully reviewed and collected, including the treatment, age, sex, carcinoembryonic antigen, site of tumor, histology, cancer antigen 199, number of liver metastases, and largest diameter of liver metastasis.
The mean CEA and CA19-9 serum levels were significantly higher in patients with regional lymph nodes involvement (CEA 37.21±177.85 vs 4.79±9.90, CA19-9 119.51±687.71 VS 12.24±17.69, respectively, P<0.05) and in liver metastases (CEA 86.56±277.65 vs. 5.98±12.98, and CA19-9 273.27±1073.46 vs. 4.98±3142, respectively, with P<0.001) in comparison to patients without lymph node involvement and liver metastases.
Independent risk factors found in multivariate analysis included carcinoembryonic antigen ≥100 ng/ml, no adjuvant chemotherapy, tumor thrombus in liver metastases, and bilobar liver metastases for OS; age ≥60 years, no adjuvant chemotherapy, multiple metastases, and largest diameter ≥3 cm for DFS.
The expression of cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) and ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B member 1 (ABCB1) were significantly lower in the EREC group (6/15) compared to the NREC group (9/15) in colorectal cancer with metachronous liver metastasis and with serum CEA >5 ng/ml.
Moreover, high mtDNA content in tumor tissues was associated with larger tumor size, higher serum CEA level, advanced TNM stage, vascular emboli, and liver metastases.