The Met416Val polymorphism of GYS1 gene was not significantly associated with the risk of type 2 DM (adjusted OR = 1.67; 95% CI: 0.73 - 3.81, P = 0.223).
We conclude that 1) insulin stimulates GYS1 mRNA expression; and 2) impaired stimulation of GYS1 gene expression by insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes is acquired and most likely is secondary to chronic hyperglycemia.
The A2 allele of the XbaI polymorphism in the GYS1 confers an increased susceptibility to different features of the metabolic syndrome and Type II diabetes.
These findings indicate that the M416V mutation of the GYS1 gene is one of the factors contributing to the insulin resistance in the Japanese population and may play some role in the pathogenesis of NIDDM.