Using the mutant form of the natural apelin-13 peptide, the authors showed reduction of both angiogenesis and invasion in the GBM models, and further increased the efficacy of anti-VEGF therapy.
Apelin was upregulated in bladder tumor tissues compared with matched adjacent noncancer tissues, especially in the high tumor stage, distant metastasis, and vascular invasion.
Therefore, in glioma cells, circ-ZNF264 can inhibit the function of miR-4493 and then upregulate its target gene apelin expression, thus regulating glioma cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion.
When cotransfected with the circ-NOTCH1 overexpression plasmid and Apelin siRNAs, there were no obvious changes to the levels of cell proliferation, apoptosis or invasion.
Our data constitute evidence that miR-195 inhibits lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and invasion though targeting apelin and provides novel insight into the mechanism underlying the development of lung adenocarcinoma.
Our in vitro study revealed that the Apelin regulated the migration and invasion abilities of GC cell lines, accompanied by up-regulations of a variety of cytokines associated with tumor invasiveness.