(b) The second network demonstrates novel interactions between GAPDH and inflammatory and proliferation candidate genes i.e., SUMO4 and EGFR indicating a new link between obesity and diabetes.
(b) The second network demonstrates novel interactions between GAPDH and inflammatory and proliferation candidate genes i.e., SUMO4 and EGFR indicating a new link between obesity and diabetes.
(b) The second network demonstrates novel interactions between GAPDH and inflammatory and proliferation candidate genes i.e., SUMO4 and EGFR indicating a new link between obesity and diabetes.
SUMO4M55V variant was associated not only with type 1 diabetes [odds ratio (OR), 1.42; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09-1.84; P = 0.0072], but also with increased risk of other autoimmune diseases, AITD (OR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.14-2.03; P = 0.0041) and RA without amyloidosis (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.65-2.24; P = 0.027), but not primary Sjögren's syndrome.
SUMO4M55V variant was associated not only with type 1 diabetes [odds ratio (OR), 1.42; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09-1.84; P = 0.0072], but also with increased risk of other autoimmune diseases, AITD (OR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.14-2.03; P = 0.0041) and RA without amyloidosis (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.65-2.24; P = 0.027), but not primary Sjögren's syndrome.
SUMO4 and MAP3K7IP2 SNP did not significantly influence predisposition to and features of RA, in contrast to previous genetic and functional evidence that suggested their involvement.
Small ubiquitin-like modifier 4 (SUMO4) has been identified as a candidate gene for the IDDM5 locus and suggested to have possible involvement in immune responses, such as autoimmunity and inflammation.
Small ubiquitin-like modifier 4 (SUMO4) is involved in a range of autoimmune diseases and is known to downregulate the transcription activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB).
SUMO-4 mRNA (qRT-PCR) and protein (Western blot and immunohistochemistry) were measured in Jar cells, BeWo cells, first trimester placental villous explants and placental tissues across normal gestation and in pre-eclampsia.
M55V variant of SUMO4 was significantly associated with type 1 diabetes in Asians, but genetic heterogeneity between Asian and Caucasian populations was suggested.
A M55V polymorphism in a novel SUMO gene (SUMO-4) differentially activates heat shock transcription factors and is associated with susceptibility to type I diabetes mellitus.
An association of a methionine-to-valine polymorphism (rs237025, 163A --> G, rs237025" genes_norm="387082">M55V) in the SUMO4 gene within IDDM5 has recently been described in T1D.
Candidate association studies based on a pathogenesis hypothesis laid the foundation for genetic research of uveitis and identified a large number of genes associated with VKH disease or BD including SUMO4, MCP-1, and CTLA4.