In this article, we will summarize genetic association data suggesting that SUMO4 is consistently associated with T1DM in the Asian populations while the association is more heterogeneous in the Caucasian populations.
The M55V substitution of SUMO4 may affect its ability to modify IκBα by sumoylation, and so lead to activation of NFκB and transcription of genes implicated in the development of type 1 diabetes.
In this article, we will summarize genetic association data suggesting that SUMO4 is consistently associated with T1DM in the Asian populations while the association is more heterogeneous in the Caucasian populations.
Third, it did not find evidence for an association with T1D at SUMO4, despite confirmed association in Asian populations, suggesting the potential for population-specific gene effects.
Recent reports demonstrated that a polymorphism with an amino acid substitution (Met55Val) in SUMO4 was associated with type 1 diabetes in Asian populations, although no association was reproduced in subjects of Caucasian descent.
An association of a methionine-to-valine polymorphism (rs237025, 163A --> G, rs237025" genes_norm="387082">M55V) in the SUMO4 gene within IDDM5 has recently been described in T1D.
We developed a statistical method to test this hypothesis in a panel of 523 multiplex families from France, the United States, and Denmark (a total of 667 affected sib pairs, 536 with both parents genotyped), and here present evidence (P = .00003) of a susceptibility locus for IDDM located 32 cM from HLA in males but not linked to HLA in females and distinct from IDDM5 and IDDM8.
These results indicate that the SUMO4 is a more common autoimmune disease gene and a supplementary risk factor to type 1 diabetes in conjunction with class II HLA.
We detected a significant association of SUMO4M55V polymorphism with T1DM in Asian population (A versus G: OR = 0.79, 95%CI = 0.72-0.86, p = 0.000) and a significant association of SUMO4M55V polymorphism with T1DM in Caucasian population (A versus G: OR = 0.84, 95%CI = 0.73-0.97, p = 0.007).Included T2DM patients were all Asian.
The SUMO4 codon 55 methionine to valine polymorphism may be exclusively associated with susceptibility to T1D, or the effect of the locus in GD and Addison's disease may be much less than that found in T1D patients.
Linkage analysis of type 1 diabetes sib pair families (n = 334) has suggested two separate regions of human chromosome 6q are linked to disease (designated IDDM5 and IDDM8).
M55V variant of SUMO4 was significantly associated with type 1 diabetes in Asians, but genetic heterogeneity between Asian and Caucasian populations was suggested.
The Met55Val polymorphism in the small ubiquitin-like modifier 4 (SUMO4) gene has been associated with susceptibility not only to type 1 diabetes, but also to type 2 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy.
We test our new software and statistical tools to assess linkage of IDDM5 and IDDM7 conditioned on analyses with 1 or 2 other unlinked type I diabetes susceptibility loci.