Alteration of biological markers of oxidative stress and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) could be related to the severity of crack withdrawal symptoms in patients undergoing rehabilitation.
Time-dependent increases in brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein levels within the mesolimbic dopamine system after withdrawal from cocaine: implications for incubation of cocaine craving.
The association of genetic polymorphisms in the κ-opioid receptor 1 gene with body weight, alcohol use, and withdrawal symptoms in patients with methadone maintenance.
These results indicate that sequence variations in NPY receptor genes are associated with alcohol dependence, particularly a severe subtype of alcohol dependence characterized by withdrawal symptoms, comorbid alcohol and cocaine dependence, and cocaine dependence.
Polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene and moderators of prolactin response to meta-chlorophenylpiperazine in African-American cocaine abusers and controls.
In the present study, we analyzed the whole coding region and 5'-untranslating region of the NPY gene for 163 Japanese male alcoholics with different withdrawal symptoms (93 with delirium tremens, 71 with seizures, 49 with hallucinations) and 98 Japanese male controls.
The alcoholics' 5-HTTLPR genotype and allele frequencies did not differ significantly by the severity of withdrawal symptoms or by the number of positive Feighner's diagnostic criteria.
Disruption of the kappa-opioid receptor gene in mice enhances sensitivity to chemical visceral pain, impairs pharmacological actions of the selective kappa-agonist U-50,488H and attenuates morphine withdrawal.
The present study tested the hypothesis that the short, low activity variant of a biallelic polymorphism in the 5' regulatory region of the human serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene confers susceptibility to severe alcohol dependence marked by severe withdrawal symptoms.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of sex on the expression and duration of spontaneous somatic morphine withdrawal syndrome, and to characterize the relationship between spontaneous somatic withdrawal symptoms and cellular activation (measured as phosphorylated CREB; pCREB), in the GABAergic tVTA in male and female rats.
The present study examined the relationship of the DRD2 TaqI-A and -B polymorphisms with short-term clinical outcome (abstinence and withdrawal symptoms), collected from daily (14 pre-quit and 42 post-quit) diary data among smokers (n=116) treated with the nicotine patch plus either venlafaxine or placebo.
The present study examined the relationship of the DRD2 TaqI-A and -B polymorphisms with short-term clinical outcome (abstinence and withdrawal symptoms), collected from daily (14 pre-quit and 42 post-quit) diary data among smokers (n=116) treated with the nicotine patch plus either venlafaxine or placebo.
Withdrawal symptom intensities demonstrated an inverse correlation with beta-endorphin and met-enkephalin levels, a direct linear correlation with amplitude height of the evoked potential, and blood pressure and heart rate changes.
Withdrawal symptom intensities demonstrated an inverse correlation with beta-endorphin and met-enkephalin levels, a direct linear correlation with amplitude height of the evoked potential, and blood pressure and heart rate changes.