This study investigated whether the combined effects of FTO and MC4R increase the risk of obesity in children and adolescents living in Northwest China.
This meta-analysis shows that the FTOrs9939609 polymorphism in the gene is a risk factor for obesity in children and adolescents with the presence of the A allele, both homozygous genotype AA situation, as heterozygous AT.
The combined presence of three or more high-risk alleles of both the FTO and MC4R genes confers a 4-fold higher risk for obesity in children and adolescents of Greek origin, although these risk alleles have no impact on the metabolic alterations observed in these obese children and adolescents.
Three known adult BMI-associated loci (FTO, MC4R and ADCY3) and one childhood obesity locus (OLFM4) reached genome-wide significance (PWald < 1.13 × 10(-8)) with BMI at 8 years and/or change over time.
According to the multiple group approach of SEM, we see an interaction between SES and FTO with respect to their effect on childhood obesity (Δχ(2) = 7.3, df = 2, P = 0.03).
In the association analysis between the FTO gene variant and risk of childhood obesity, compared with the rs1421085TT wide-type genotype, rs1421085 CC and CT/CC genotypes were associated with 59% and 71% increased risks of childhood obesity (adjusted OR = 1.59, 95%CI = 1.00-2.53 for CC; adjusted OR = 1.71, 95%CI = 1.10-2.65 for CT/CC), while the rs17817449 T > G variant was not associated with the significantly increased risk of childhood obesity.
The results indicated that variant in FTO gene was significantly associated with increased risk of overweight/obesity in children and adolescents (OR=1.35; 95%CI: 1.27-1.44; P<0.001).
Children from The Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine; n=1,506) Study were genotyped at 17 genetic loci shown to be associated with childhood obesity (FTO, MC4R, TMEM18, GNPDA2, KCTD15, NEGR1, BDNF, ETV5, SEC16B, LYPLAL1, TFAP2B, MTCH2, BCDIN3D, NRXN3, SH2B1, MRSA) and an obesity-risk-allele-score was calculated as the total number of 'risk alleles' possessed by each individual.
The rs9939609 polymorphism of the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene has been widely associated with childhood obesity in several European cohorts.
The effects of FTO on body weight, body composition, and the risk of developing overweight and obesity in children, adolescents, and adults are analyzed in this review.
Analysis of serum leptin levels and leptin gene mutations is a rapid and easy step toward the diagnosis of congenital leptin deficiency that is considered an important cause in early childhood obesity.
Effects of polymorphisms in APOB, APOE, HSD11β1, PLIN4, and ADIPOQ genes on lipid profile and anthropometric variables related to obesity in children and adolescents.