|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
To study this, we tested 482 newly diagnosed diabetic probands and 478 healthy siblings from the Danish population-based T1D registry for autoantibodies to ZnT8 (ZnT8A) in addition to GAD65 and IA-2.
|
20836749 |
2011 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Epitope profiles of autoantibodies to GAD65 (GADA) in 140 type 1 diabetes, adult-onset diabetes mellitus (AODM), and thyroid diseases (TD) were studied.
|
12865069 |
2003 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Of those, 112 have developed islet autoimmunity (persistent autoantibodies to insulin, GAD65, and/or IA-2), and 47 of these have progressed to type 1 diabetes.
|
19188433 |
2009 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Mice deficient in GAD67, GAD65 or both were used to assess whether GABA is important for islet cell development, and whether GAD65 is required for initiation of insulitis and progression to Type 1 diabetes in the mouse.
|
10422732 |
1999 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
³⁵S-GAD65 produced by either pEx9 or pThGAD65 did not differ in binding among the healthy controls and among the type 1 diabetes patients.
|
20670115 |
2011 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
We found that (1) recombinant human GAD65 is fully enzymatically active; (2) the K396R mutation abolished GAD65 activity; and (3) the K396R mutant retained full antigenicity to GAD65 autoantibodies in serum from Type 1 diabetes patients, but not to polyclonal antibodies raised to the catalytic domain.
|
11163769 |
2001 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Our results suggest that autoimmune process against insulin and GAD(65) is more common at diagnosis in children in areas with high incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D), independent of genetic risk markers.
|
16442659 |
2006 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Primary endpoints include (1) appearance of one or more islet autoantibodies (to insulin, GAD65 or IA-2) confirmed at two consecutive visits; (2) development of T1D.
|
19120261 |
2008 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The practicability of using recombinant GAD65 and GAD67 derived from the baculovirus expression system for the development of an immunoassay for the diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is discussed.
|
8370667 |
1993 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Immunodominant GAD65 epitopes defined in transgenic mice correspond to GAD65 regions previously shown to elicit T cell responses specifically in DR0401 IDDM patients, underscoring the validity of this approach.
|
9223318 |
1997 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
T cell responses to GAD65 peptides have been detected in both patients with type I diabetes and in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse.
|
9885897 |
1998 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The association between the PTPN22 1858C>T variant and type 1 diabetes depends on HLA risk and GAD65 autoantibodies.
|
20445565 |
2010 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
In summary, the presence of antigen experienced GAD65-specific T cells in the subjects with diabetes-associated autoimmunity is encouraging for further directions in the prediction of T1D.
|
22270037 |
2012 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Notably, logistic regression analysis suggested that DQ8/8 patients had an increased risk to be diagnosed with tGADA (<i>P</i> = 0.003) compared with fGADA (<i>P</i> = 0.09). tGADA had a higher diagnostic sensitivity for type 1 diabetes than both fGADA and RSRGADA.
|
28028075 |
2017 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
We have developed a transgenic mouse model of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) in which human GAD65 is expressed in pancreatic β-cells, and human MHC-II is expressed on antigen presenting cells.
|
30733517 |
2019 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The data illustrate that antibodies against GAD-65 are present in a majority of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and that autoantibodies against other islet cell antigens also exist.
|
8486775 |
1993 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Among patients with ketosis-prone diabetes (KPD), characterized by presentation with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), >60% of adults lack three classic islet autoantibodies-IA-2, GAD65, and ZnT8 Abs-associated with type 1 diabetes.
|
30327357 |
2018 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
In the present work, we detected and characterized GADA in 72 sera from patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) and 14 sera from adult-onset diabetes patients using analytical systems in which GAD65 is expressed in a cellular context: confocal indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and electron microscopy after immunogold labeling on monolayers of transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, and immunoprecipitation (IP) of metabolically labeled GAD65.
|
18324484 |
2008 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Thirty-two Japanese children (eight males, 24 females) with type 1 diabetes negative for glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) 65 and/or IA-2A autoantibodies and who were aged >5 to 15.1 years at diagnosis were recruited from 16 independent hospitals participating in the Japanese Study Group of Insulin Therapy for Childhood and Adolescent Diabetes (JSGIT).
|
27398945 |
2016 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
β-cell autoantibodies against insulin (IAA), GAD65 (GADA) and IA-2 (IA-2A) precede onset of childhood type 1 diabetes (T1D).
|
28941965 |
2018 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY) follows children at increased T1D risk of IA (presence of autoantibodies to insulin, GAD65, or IA-2 twice in succession) and T1D development.
|
24444005 |
2015 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
GAD65 and insulin B chain peptide (9-23) are not primary autoantigens in the type 1 diabetes syndrome of the BB rat.
|
10593565 |
1999 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Increased GAD65 and IA-2 antibody positivity is differentially associated with select HLA class II alleles and haplotypes, confirming the heterogeneous nature of T1D.
|
21490167 |
2011 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
In conclusion, T cell clones to specific epitopes of GAD 65 provide a model to clarify those differences in the immune response to this autoantigen between controls and IDDM patients.
|
8816975 |
1996 |
|
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
|
0.300 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Of 66 GAD65-autoantibody-positive T1D patients, 34 had autoantibodies reacting with both middle and carboxy epitopes.
|
17130557 |
2006 |