|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
CausalMutation
|
disease |
CGI |
|
|
|
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Since both estradiol treatment and ras-oncogene overexpression enhance tumorigenicity of hormone-dependent breast-cancer cells, we studied the effects of estrogen and of the activated v-Ha-ras oncogene on NK susceptibility of MCF-7 human breast-cancer cells.
|
1993553 |
1991 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Point mutation at codon 12 of the Ki-ras gene in a primary breast carcinoma and the MDA-MB-134 human mammary carcinoma cell line.
|
2188722 |
1990 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The HRAS region of 11p is not the site of a primary alteration leading to breast cancer.
|
2406196 |
1990 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Lod scores for close linkage of each candidate sequence to breast cancer were -19.6 for HRAS, -12.3 for KRAS2, -1.0 for NRAS, -6.0 for MYC, -6.1 for MYB, -8.2 for ERBA2, -7.9 for INT2, and -5.1 for RAF1.
|
2564734 |
1989 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Genetic alterations of c-myc, c-erbB-2, and c-Ha-ras protooncogenes and clinical associations in human breast carcinomas.
|
2573420 |
1989 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Secondly, 53 members of 3 families having a high incidence of breast cancer were c-Ha-ras-1 genotyped.
|
2668204 |
1989 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
Biomarker
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The findings on Ha-ras and other informative loci are consistent with the possibility that a tumour suppressor gene involved in the early stages of breast cancer is located on the short arm of chromosome 11.
|
3066395 |
1988 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
No point mutations have been detected at the 12th codon of c-Ha-ras and c-Ki-ras in 40 and 65 breast cancer DNAs, respectively.
|
3293644 |
1988 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Enhanced Ha-ras expression was documented in 66% of breast and 100% of colon carcinomas as compared with their normal counterparts, with levels in breast carcinomas ranging from 10.1 to 50.4 pg ras p21/micrograms protein and those in colon carcinomas ranging from 18.4 to 51.7 pg ras p21/micrograms protein.
|
3298786 |
1987 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The study was done on a total of 51 lung, colon and breast carcinoma tumors using a panel of oligonucleotides coding for the wild type and all possible mutations in codons 12 and 61 of c-K-ras gene.
|
3330777 |
1987 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The frequency of rare c-Ha-ras-1 alleles and hence genotypes composed of two rare alleles was increased in the breast cancer population (P less than .001).
|
3462411 |
1986 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Correlation with clinicopathological data showed, however, that the loss of one H-ras-1 allele in breast carcinoma DNAs is significantly linked to histological Grade III tumors, the lack of estrogen and/or progesterone receptors, and the subsequent occurrence of distal metastasis.
|
3524819 |
1986 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
More common genes which are associated with an increased, but lower, risk of breast cancer are the ataxiatelangiectasia gene and the HRAS1 gene.
|
7547224 |
1995 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
We have proposed that rare Ha-ras alleles are markers of a genomic instability that predisposes to breast cancer.
|
7612910 |
1995 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Genetic alterations have been described in breast carcinomas under the headings of loss of heterozygosity (1p, 3p, 7q, 11p, 17p, 17 and 18q), mutations (p53, c-H-ras-1), and/or gene amplifications (c-myc, int-2/FGF3, and c-erbB-2/neu).
|
7671254 |
1995 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Approximately one fifth of the breast cancer patients in this analysis (disease-free and recurrent) expressed only a single oncogene marker (c-fos, c-myc, Ha-ras, or p53); one quarter of patients with recurrent disease expressed only one oncogene protein.
|
7794075 |
1995 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
AlteredExpression
|
disease |
BEFREE |
The results obtained with atypical hyperplasia, a doubtful proliferating lesion, suggests that p21 c-Ha-ras protein expression is not restricted to breast carcinomas.
|
8003818 |
1994 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Our results, adjusted for race and age, showed a positive overall association between the presence of rare HRAS alleles and breast cancer.
|
8385520 |
1993 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Distribution of Hras-1 oncogene alleles in BC did not significantly differ from that seen in healthy donors.
|
8416194 |
1993 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Several epidemiologic studies suggest that individuals carrying rare alleles at a minisatellite flanking the HRAS locus are at increased risk of cancer, including breast cancer.
|
8541881 |
1995 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Susceptibility to breast cancer did not appear to be affected by the presence of rare HRAS1 alleles.
|
8589723 |
1996 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
There may be more common mutations in other genes (such as ATM, HRAS1) that confer a moderate risk of breast cancer, and may account for 5 to 15 per cent of cases.
|
8987214 |
1996 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Polymorphisms of H-ras-1 and p53 in breast cancer and lung cancer: a meta-analysis.
|
9255581 |
1997 |
|
Breast Carcinoma
|
0.600 |
GeneticVariation
|
disease |
BEFREE |
Distinct mutation patterns of breast cancer-associated alleles of the HRAS1 minisatellite locus.
|
9949211 |
1999 |