Whereas NRAMP1 polymorphisms have been associated with increased susceptibility to tuberculosis, our results suggest that at least one NRAMP1 polymorphism may decrease susceptibility in sarcoidosis.
To study the variations in the NRAMP1 gene using five genotypes (274C/T, 577-18G/A, A318V, D543N and 3' untranslated region [UTR]), and the susceptibility of tuberculosis and HIV infection in Taiwanese.
To explain the different direction of allelic association between adult and pediatric disease, we hypothesize that NRAMP1 influences the speed of progression from infection to tuberculosis disease.
This study showed that genetic variations in the human NRAMP1 gene are associated with susceptibility to smear-positive tuberculosis in Korean patients.
The distribution of three polymorphisms in the natural resistance-associated macrophage protein gene (NRAMP1) including INT4, D543N and 3'UTR was examined for a possible association with susceptibility to TB.
The natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (NRAMP1), Vitamin-D receptor (VDR) and Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) have been associated in susceptibility to tuberculosis, but the results have been inconsistent.
The Nramp1 gene influences susceptibility to a variety of intracellular bacteria (including mycobacterial species), but not to Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Association studies have revealed that host genetic factors, such as human leukocyte antigen and solute carrier family 11 member A1 (NRAMP1), play roles in susceptibility to TB.
The M. tuberculosis Beijing genotype, which comprised 29.8% of all isolates, was strongly associated with 2 polymorphisms in SLC11A1: the D543N G allele (odds ratio [OR], 2.15; P=.005) and the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) insertion/insertion genotype (OR, 2.5; P=.001).
Recent genetic studies have found that allelic variants at the human NRAMP1 locus are associated with susceptibility to leprosy (Mycobacterium leprae) and tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) and possibly with the onset of rheumatoid arthritis.
Susceptibility to TB-IRD associated with carriage of TNFA-1031*T (rs1799964; P=0.05) and SLC11A1 D543N*G (rs17235409; P=0.04) in Cambodian patients and carriage of IL18-607*G (rs1946518; P=0.02) and VDR FokI (F/f)*T (rs10735810; P=0.05) in Indian patients.
The natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1) gene is associated with susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in humans and to bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in mice.
In the homologous human NRAMP1 gene, a total of 11 polymorphisms have been identified, which are being used to test for the linkage of NRAMP1 alleles with human responses to mycobacteria, including susceptibility to tuberculosis and leprosy, as well as BCG immunotherapy in bladder cancer.
We made a minireview on the association of many candidate genes with TB based on recent research studies systematically, such as the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) gene, the solute carrier family 11 member 1 (SLC11A1) gene system, the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene, the mannan-binding lectin (MBL) gene, the nitric oxide synthase 2A (NOS2A) gene, the speckled 110 (SP110) gene, and the P2X7 receptor (P2X7) gene.
Heterozygosity for the -1082 polymorphism of the IL-10 promoter and heterozygosity for 2 linked polymorphic NRAMP1 variants, D543N and 3' untranslated region, were associated with TB susceptibility and resistance, respectively.
The solute carrier family 11 member 1 gene (SLC11A1, formerly known as NRAMP1: natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1) is one of the host genetic factors reported to affect susceptibility to tuberculosis.
The SLC11A1 gene has been reported to play a role in neutrophil function and is associated with susceptibility to infectious and inflammatory diseases such as tuberculosis or rheumatoid arthritis.