Indeed, several lines of recent data indicate the potential role of the 3-MST system in cancer biology.In many cancers (e.g. colon adenocarcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, urothelial cell carcinoma, various forms of oral carcinomas), 3-MST is upregulated compared to the surrounding normal tissue.
miR-92b has been reported to play critical roles in several carcinomas; however, our understanding of the mechanisms by which miR-92b stimulates gastric cancer (GC) is incomplete.
Although ultraviolet A can penetrate deep into the human skin and provoke harmful influences such as photoaging, the formation of wrinkles, and sags and bags by destruction of collagen and elastin within the dermis layer, ultraviolet B can penetrate into epidermis and the upper layers of dermis and lead to the formation of much severe dermatological problems such as acute erythema, permanent pigmentations, and carcinomas.
Long non-coding long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 319 (LINC00319) exerts promoting function in diverse range of human carcinomas, but its detailed role in glioma remains to be investigated.
By RT-qPCR analysis we furthermore detected stronger CASC9 overexpression in pure SCC of the urinary bladder and mixed urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation than in pure urothelial carcinomas.
TIM-3 serves an important role in tumor progression in a number of carcinomas, including non-small cell lung cancer, hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma, Langerhans cell sarcoma, head and neck cancer and follicular B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
An analysis of genes possibly regulated by miR-181a-2* was carried out and, amongst these, an inverse correlation of NAMPT with miR-181a-2* expression was observed, whereas, for TRAF1 and SALL1, additional regulation mechanisms involving CpG island methylation were observed. miR-181a-2* is associated with particular histological and molecular features of colorectal carcinomas within the serrated pathological pathway and might play a role in the immune responses of microsatellite instability carcinomas.
Wnt-11, a developmentally regulated gene producing a secreted protein, has been associated with various carcinomas but has not previously been studied in PDAC.
The A16V (C→T) mutation in PRSS1, which encodes a cationic trypsinogen and has a mutation associated with hereditary pancreatitis and pancreatic adenocarcinoma, was observed in 40% (8/20) (7/17 of ETV6 translocation-positive and 1/3 of ETV6 translocation-negative secretory carcinomas).
The human serine/threonine kinase 33 (STK33) gene has shown its potency as a therapeutic target for prevention of lung carcinomas including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but its function in the oncogenesis and development of SCLC remains unrevealed.
Microsatellite analyses indicate that this cancer phenotype is linked to a 20 Mb region of 129P2 chromosome 15 harboring the Wnt7b gene, which is preferentially expressed from the 129P2 allele in skin carcinomas and derived cell lines.
Previous reports have suggested that CAP1 may be a negative regulator of cellular proliferation, migration, and adhesion and the development of cell carcinomas.